Introduction
Unix
- MacOS and Linux are so similar because they're both derived from Unix
- Unix philosophy relates to a sort of digital minimalism when it comes to coding.
- This means rather than having very few complicated tools, have many small composable tools that can be combined to solve complex problems.
- Principles:
- Make each program do one thing well. Rather than adding new features, make a new program.
- Expect the output of every program to become input to another, don't over clutter output, and don't insist on interactive input.
- When desinging and building software try and test it early and don't hesitate to throw away clumsy parts and rebuild them.
- Use tools in preference to unskilled help.
Linux
Inspired by Unix but is different!
Why Linux?
I- It's free!
- Good for large businesses who run lots of computers.
- Very well maintained
- Open source which leads to it being looked after well.
- Commonly used
- Very good ecosystem around it.
What makes linux linux?
All linux operating systems share the same kernal.
Distributions
A distribution is a linux operating system with extra software built on top of it.
Essentially just added software on top of the kernal.
There are loads of different distros all for different reasons, for example: - Different desktop experience - Enhanced network capabilities - Advanced special features
To explain downstreams, take Debian for example and build on top of it, this then becomes a downstream of Debian.
Random Takeaways
Virtualisation vs Emulation
- Virtualisation is giving resources to a guest machine to run. For example having a linux VM use your computers resources to operate.
- Emulation is a computer's hardware pretending to be something else in order to run something. Like a gameboy emulator, the computer hasn't actually got the same hardware as a gameboy.